Certified Tissue Bank Specialist (CTBS) Practice Test

Why is the presence of antibodies in a donor significant?

1. It indicates a recent infection.

2. It shows previous exposure to an antigen.

3. It guarantees a successful transplantation.

4. It eliminates the need for donor screening.

The correct answer is: It shows previous exposure to an antigen.

The presence of antibodies in a donor is significant primarily because it shows previous exposure to an antigen. When the immune system encounters an antigen—whether from an infection, vaccination, or other form of exposure—it produces specific antibodies as part of the adaptive immune response. This presence of antibodies can provide crucial information about the donor's immune history and potential sensitivities, especially in the context of tissue and organ transplantation. Understanding a donor's antibody profile is essential in assessing compatibility with a recipient. For example, if a donor has antibodies against specific human leukocyte antigens (HLA), this can indicate that these antigens are already recognized by the donor's immune system, which may influence the success of transplantation and the risk of graft rejection. The antibody response serves as a marker of the donor's immune experiences, which can help medical professionals make informed decisions during the transplant process. Other options suggest different implications of antibody presence. While antibodies can indicate a recent infection or immune response, they do not guarantee successful transplantation and do not remove the need for thorough donor screening to ensure safety and compatibility.